Home About Us Contact Us
Table of Content Volume 6 Issue 2 - May 2018

 



A comparative study of carrying angle among males and females in Garhwal region of Uttarakhand

 

Niyati Airan1, Anil Kumar Dwivedi2*

 

1Demonstrator,2Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar Garhwal-246178., Uttarakhand, INDIA.

Email: niyatiairan@gmail.com, dranildwivedi2009@gmail.com

 

REFERENCES

  1. Rai J, Prakash S, Singhal V. Carrying Angle of Indian Boys and Girls. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics. 1980;14(2):170-4.
  2. Snell RS. Clinical Anatomy. 7 ed. London: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2004.
  3. Standring S, Borley NR, Collins P, Crossman AR, Gatzoulis MA, Healy JC, et al., editors. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice 40 ed. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008.
  4. Baughman FA, Higgins JV, Wadsworth Thomas G, Demaray MJ. The Carrying  Anglein Sex Chromosome Anomalies. JAMA. 1974;230(5):718-20.
  5. Atkinson WD, Elftman H. The carrying angle of the human arm as a, secondary sex character. Anat Record. 1945;91:49-53.
  6. Kothapalli J, Murudkar PH, Seerla LD. The Carrying Angle of Elbow- A Correlative and Comparative Study. Int J Cur Res Rev. 2013;5(4):71-6.
  7. Lim V, Jacob NA, Ghani MFS, Wang DC, K AD. An Anthropometric Study on the Carrying Angle of Elbow among Young Adults of Various Ethinicities in Malaysia NJIRM. 2014 5(6):20-3.
  8. Baskar S, Kumar S. Variations in Carrying Angle between Two Sexes on Complete Extension. J Pharm Sci and Res. 2013;5(12):269.
  9. Dey S, Mandal L, Kundu B, Mondal M, Sett TK. Carrying angle of the Elbow: It’s Changes From Childhood to Adulthood : Morphometric Study in Eastern India.. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 2013 8(2):823-30.
  10. Purkait R, Chandra H. An anthropometric investigation into the probable cause of 'carrying angle': a sex indicator. JIAFM. 2004;26(1):14-9.
  11. Ruparelia S, Patel S, Zalawadia A, Shah S, Patel SV. Study Of Carrying Angle And Its Correlation With Various Parameters. NJIRM. 2010;1(3):28-32.
  12. Yilmaz E, Karakurt L, Belhan O, Bulut M, Serin E, Avci M. Variation of carrying angle with age, sex, and special reference to side. Orthopedics. 2005;28(11):1360-3.
  13. Hutchinson MR, Wynn S. Biomechanics and development of the elbow in the  young throwing athlete. Clin Sports Med. 2004;23:531–44.
  14. Habernek H, Ortner F. The influence of anatomic factors in elbow joint dislocation. ClinOrthopRelat Res. 1992;274:226–30.
  15. Khare GN, Goel SC, Saraf SK, Singh G, Mohanty C. New observations on carrying angle. Indian J Med Sci. 1999;53(2):61-7.
  16. Norman SW, Christopher JKB, O’Connell PR, editors. Bailey and Love’s Short Practice of Surgery. 25 ed. London: Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd; 2008
  17. McMinn RMH, editor. Last's Anatomy Regional and Applied. 9 ed. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1994.
  18. Punia RS, Sharma R, Usmani JA. The carrying angle in an Indian population. J AnatSoc India. 1994;43(2):107–10.
  19. Balasubramanian P, Madhuri V, Muliyil J. Carrying angle in children: a normative study. J PediatrOrthop B. 2006;15(1):37-40.
  20. Moore KL, Dalley AF. Essential Clinical Anatomy. 5 ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2006.
  21. Eliakim-Ikechukwu C, Atu L, Etika M, Udo-affah G. The Carrying Angle of the Ibo and Yoruba Ethnic Groups of Nigeria and its Relationship with the Height of Individuals. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. 2012;2(11):157-62.
  22. Steel FLD, Tomalinson JDW. The 'carrying angle' in man. J Anat. 1958;92(2):315-7.
  23. Beals RK. The normal carrying angle of the elbow. A radiographic study of 422 patients. ClinOrthopRelat Res. 1976;119(Sep):194-6.
  24. Zampagni ML, Daniela Casino, Stefano Zaffagnini, Visani Andre A, Maurilio  Marcacci.Estimating the Elbow Carrying Angle With an Electrogoniometer: Acquisition of Dataand Reliability of Measurements.Orthopedics. 2008;31(4):370-7.
  25. Alsubael MO, Hegazy AAM. Radiographic Evaluation of the Normal Elbow Carrying Angle in Adults. Journal of Medical Sciences. 2010;10:40-4.
  26. Kumar B, Pai S, Ray B, Mishra S, Siddaraju KS, Pandey AK, et al. Radiographic study of carrying angle and morphometry of skeletal elements of human elbow. Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology. 2010;51(3):521–6.
  27. Rana G, Kafle D, Yadav SK, Khan GA, shrestha O, Dhakal A. A Prospective Study: Evaluation of Two Methods of Assessment for Carrying Angle in 18-25 Years Age Groups in Nepalese Population Visiting OPD of Tuth, Iom, Kathmandu. Int Res J Pharm App Sci. 2013;3(5):50-2.
  28. Patil VG, Apoorva D, Shishirkumar. Carrying Angle: A Morphometric Study in South Indian Population. J of Evidence Based Med and Hlthcare. 2014;1(13):1686-9.
  29. Chinweife KC, Ejimofor OC, Ezejindu DN. Correlation of Carrying Angle of the Elbow in Full Extension and Hip-Circumference in Adolescents of Nnewi People in Anambra State. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 2014;4(10):1-8.
  30. Allouh MZ, Khasawneh RR. Measurement of the Carrying Angle in Jordanians with Respect to Different Body Parameters. J Med J. 2014;48(2):93-101.
  31. Bari W, Alam M, Omar S. Goniometry of elbow carrying angle: a comparative clinical study on sexual dimorphism in young males and females. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015;3:3482-4.
  32. Anibor E, Ojigho E, Ogbatorho T. Correlation Between Body Mass Index And Carrying Angle Among Adolescents In Abraka, Nigeria. Int J of Forensic Med Invest. 2016;2(1):13-6.
  33. Kumari KL, Sekhar RC. A Comparative Study of Carrying Angle BetweenChidren And Adult in Andhra Population. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2016;15(6):33-6