Abstract              Background: Cerebral malaria is the most dreaded and a potentially life-threatening complication of malaria. The percentage of neurological manifestations of vivax malaria cases is on the increasing trend. Aim: To highlight the increasing incidence of neurological manifestations of vivax malaria. Material and Methods: Total number of indoor patients of P. vivax malaria in our hospital was 339 out of them 48 patients had neurological manifestations.Presence of malarial parasite on thick and thin smear and/or positive p-LDH based rapid malaria antigen test was considered diagnostic of malaria. Neurological manifestations of P. vivax malaria by definition refers to involvement of signs such as high grade fever with altered sensorium, generalized tonic-clonic or partial convulsion. Results: The highest incidence of neurological manifestations of vivax malaria was seen in the age group of 21-30 years; males predominated the study with 66.7%. Altered sensorium (77.1%) followed by convulsion (58.3%) was common finding in neurological manifestations. Mortality was higher (62.5%) in patients of neurological manifestations of vivax malaria with premorbid conditions. Association of altered sensorium and parasite index which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Plasmodium vivaxis no longer a benign species and is causing presentations akin to P. falciparum. It is imperative that clinicians are aware and are ready to handle the complications caused by P. vivax.

Key Words: Plasmodium vivax, altered sensorium, parasitic index, mortality.