Amrita¹, Amrendra Amar^2*

 

¹Ex PG, ²Final Year PG, Department of Biochemistry, M.G.M. Medical College and L.S.K. Hospital Kishanganj, Bihar, INDIA.

Email: aseemhealthcare@yahoo.in

Age in year	Total no. of patients	Percentage	Male		Female
			No. of patients	Percentage	No. of patients	Percentage
20-30	20	40	11	35.5	09	47.4
31-40	22	44	15	48.4	07	36.8
41-50	05	10	03	9.7	02	10.5
51-60	03	06	02	6.4	01	5.3
Total	50	100	31	100	19	100

Age in year

Total no. of patients

Percentage

Male

Female

Age in year	Total no. of patients	Percentage	Male		Female
			No. of patients	Percentage	No. of patients	Percentage
20-30	06	12	04	14.8	02	8.7
31-40	04	08	03	11.1	01	4.3
41-50	12	24	07	25.9	05	21.7
51-60	28	56	13	48.2	15	65.3
Total	50	100	27	100	23	100

 

 

 

Table 3: Age and sex wise distribution of control group (Non Diabetic patients)

 

Table 4: Duration of Diabetes among IDDM and NIDDM patients

 

Table 5: Mean and SD value of Age among Case and Control group

 

Table 6: Mean and SD value of Glucose and HbA1c among Case and control group

 

 

Table 7: Mean and SD value of Lipid profile among Case and control group

 

Table 8: Mean and SD value of LP(a) and MDA among Case and control group

DISCUSSION

Diabetes mellitus comprises of a group of disorders that share a phenotype of hyperglycemia. The complications are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic patients. These complications are a result of interaction of multiple metabolic, genetic and other factors.¹¹ In our study, distribution of IDDM patients according to their age and sex is mentioned in Table 1. The above table shows majority of patients belonged to 20-30 and 31-40 years age group. 20-30 years age group consisted 20 (40%) patients among them 11were male and 9 were female. 31-40 years age group consisted 22 (44%) patients among them 15 were male and 7 were female. Distribution of NIDDM patients according to their age and sex is mentioned in Table2. The above table shows majority of patients belonged 51-60 y ears age group. 28 (56%) patients belonged to this particular age group, among them 13 were male and 15 were female. 41-50 years age group consisted 12(24%) patients among them 7.were male and 5 were female. 31-40 years age group consisted only 4 (8%) patients among them 3 were male and female.

Distribution of control group according to their age and sex is mentioned in Table3.The above table shows majority of patients belonged to 31-40 and41-50 years age group. 31-40 years age group consisted 18(36%) patients among them 11 were male and 7 were female. 41-50 years age group consisted 20(40%) patients among them 7 were male and 13 were female. Table 4 shows distribution of both IDDM and NIDDM patients according to the duration of diabetes. From the above table we can found that in case of IDDM majority of patients i.e. 34 (68%) patients were suffering from diabetes for 3-‹5 years. And in case of NIDDM majority of patients i.e.22 (44%) patients were suffering from diabetes for 5-10 years. Table 5 shows the mean and SD value of age among IDDM, NIDDM patients and control group. The mean age and SD value of IDDM patient was 33.06 and ±8.52. In case of NIDDM patients the mean age and SD value was 46.8 and ±9.76. The mean age and SD value for control group was 41.34 and ±8.34. The mean and SD value of glucose (fasting and PP) and HbA1c level of case (IDDM and NIDDM) and control group is shown in Table 6. After comparing the blood glucose level and HbA1c level of IDDM and NIDDM patients we found in case of IDDM patients Blood glucose and HbA1c level is elevated than that of NIDDM Patient. And we found the results statistically significant (p value = <0.001). The mean and SD value of lipid profile level of case (IDDM and NIDDM) and control group is shown in Table7. After comparing the Lipid profile level of IDDM and NIDDM patients we found in case of NIDDM patients Lipid profile level is elevated than that of IDDM Patient. Metabolic reasons for lower HDL levels have not been fully documented. Decreased synthesis of HDL has been found in one small study.¹² Increased clearance of HDL particles from the plasma space may also be operative particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.¹³ Schmitt et al.¹⁴ suggested that LDL uptake by fibroblasts may be impaired in type 2 diabetics. This leads to increase in LDL: HDL ratio in type 2 diabetics. In our study, LDL: HDL ratio did not differ significantly between controlled and uncontrolled diabetics (P>0.05). Similar results have also been forwarded by Haffner et al.¹⁵ However, Schmitt et al. ¹⁴ found that LDL: HDL ratio correlated with HbA1c better than any of the lipids or lipoprotein fractions. LDL: HDL ratio changed significantly than did its component fractions. We also did not find any significant association between the Lp(a) levels and LDL:HDL ratio. Ramirez et al.¹⁶ also found no significant correlation between Lp(a) and LDL levels, suggesting that the Lp(a) and the LDL levels are under different metabolic control. In this study LP(a) is significantly increased in both IDDM and NIDDM. The degree of rise is more in case of IDDM then in NIDDM. Heller et al. ¹⁷ suggested that hyperinsulinemia can be the causal factor for increase in the Lp(a) levels in type 2 diabetics. Similar results have also been reported by Wolffenbuttel et al.¹⁸ They reported that Lp(a) levels were elevated in diabetics as compared to non-diabetic subjects of similar age but did not change with insulin and there was no correlation with the degree of metabolic control and changes in Lp(a) levels.

 

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest that lipid metabolism is important for the development of inflammation which is elevated in several complications associated with diabetes. LP(a) is raised in DM in respect of case. The degree of rise is more is IDDM than NIDDM.

 

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