Study of relationship between serum 25 (OH) vitamin D and insulin resistance in prediabetic patients

 

Basavaraj GT¹, Sharan Nandyal^2*

 

Abstract              Background: Prediabetes is an intermediate stage between normal glucose levels and the clinical entity of type 2 diabetes. Indian population have one of the highest number of individuals with pre-diabetes and diabetes among all major ethnic groups. Deficiency of Vitamin D may have negative effects on glucose intolerance, insulin secretion. In patients with diabetes, administration of vitamin-D has been shown to decrease insulin resistance.⁸ However similar observation among individuals with prediabetes has not been documented. The aim of present study was to find out the relationship between Serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D and insulin resistance among prediabetic individuals. Material and Methods:Present study was a cross-sectional, observational study carried out in the Department of Medicine at XXXX medical college and Hospital, XXXX. 50 Prediabetic individuals, 25-50 years with fasting blood glucose between 100 – 125 mg/dl and/or 2-hour post-OGTT blood glucose of 140 - 199 mg/dl were included as cases and other 50 individuals with normal glucose tolerance were included as controls. Vitamin D levels among the two groups were compared by unpaired student t test. Association between vitamin D status and insulin resistance in individuals with prediabetes was studied using Pearson’s correlation co-efficient. p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total 100 patients were studied, 50 prediabetic cases and 50 healthy controls. Age (in years), gender and BMI (kg/m²) were comparable in both groups. 66% prediabetic individuals had hypovitaminosis D as compare to 16% of healthy controls. A statistically significant difference was noted for Fasting Plasma Glucose, 2-hour Plasma Glucose, Insulin, HOMA-IR and 25 (OH) vitamin D values between prediabetic cases and healthy controls. A statistically significant correlation was noted between 25 (OH) vitamin D values with HOMA-IR and fasting insulin levels. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that serum 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency is common in prediabetic state and serum 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency is associated with insulin resistance among adults with prediabetes.

Key Words: Vitamin-D deficiency, insulin resistance, prediabetes.