Clinical profile of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in rural population

 

Kiran Vikram Khillare^*, Sanjay S Chavan, Siddheshwar V Birajdar

 

Abstract              Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable illness, with a large global burden. The present research was undertaken to study clinical profile of COPD and its complication with radiological, ECG changes and pulmonary function test (PFT) and also find out different risk factor for COPD in rural region. Method : Total 100 diagnosed cases of COPD were enroled in the study during a period from November 2017 to October 2019. Data was colected by using a predesigned questionnaire. All relevant investigations were done and patients were folowed upon Medicine department till they were discharged. Results: The mean age of patients was 62.17 ± 10.76 years with male predominance (92%). All cases had cough with expectoration, 88% had breathlessness, and average duration of illness was 8.93 ± 4.17 years. Majority of cases (85%) were smokers and which was major risk factor for COPD (88%). On clinical examination 48% cases had pedal edema. Most of the cases 28% had FEV1/FVC ratio in 61 to 70%. Maximum cases (50%) were moderate on spirometry. Major ECG change seen was P wave height >2.5mm in leadI in 28% and QRS axis >900 in 28%. On chest X-ray 66% cases had chronic bronchitis with emphysema. There was statistical significance difference found between spirometry severity and chest X-ray findings (p=0.03). Conclusion: Although smoking is commonest Etiology of COPD. Radiology, PFT and ECG changes can be used for diagnosis purpose. Computerized spirometry is very much a useful investigation in the management of COPD. FEV1 values can be used as diagnostic, as well as to assess the severity of the disease.

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Radiology, Expectoration, Breathlessness, Spirometry, X-ray, Smoking, Etiology